Extreme Temperature Diary- Monday September 21st, 2026/Main Topic: ‘Planetary Boundaries’ Necessary for Flourishing of Life Have Been Massively Breached, Scientists Warn

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‘Planetary boundaries’ necessary for flourishing of life have been massively breached, scientists warn | Climate crisis | The Guardian

Climate crisis

‘Planetary boundaries’ necessary for flourishing of life have been massively breached, scientists warn

New report shows key indicators of Earth’s health are ‘outside the safe operating space’ as climate disaster looms

Climate crisis

Oliver Milman

Mon 21 Sep 2026

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The planetary life support systems relied upon by humans have deteriorated to their worst levels ever recorded amid ongoing pollution and habitat destruction, according to a key yet grim annual update by scientists.

Of the nine “planetary boundaries” that help determine whether life can flourish on Earth, seven are being breached at their highest ever levels of transgression, according to the latest planetary health check, a process that was established in 2009.

The seven key indicators in the danger zone include climate change, change in biosphere integrity, land system change, freshwater change, modification of biogeochemical flows, introduction of novel entities and, for the first time last year, ocean acidification.

Wildfires expand across South Sumatra and neighboring regions in Indonesiaepa13214315 A man carrying a water bucket walks as wildfires get closer to his house in Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra, Indonesia, 05 September 2026. Indonesian authorities have intensified aerial and ground response operations as El Nino-fueled wildfires across Sumatra and Kalimantan generate toxic transboundary haze, affecting air quality and health across the region, including in neighboring Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines.  EPA/MAST IRHAM

Only two of the assessed areas, stratospheric ozone depletion and atmospheric aerosol loading, have shown improvement over the last decade, although researchers warn that atmospheric aerosols, which can form air pollution, are still a problem in several regions of the world.

The coalition of 60 scientists who conducted the analysis of the key guardrails for human life under the auspices of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research warned that the consequences of breaching these planetary boundaries is “becoming increasingly clear all around us”.

“The diagnosis is unambiguous – pressure is rising across every planetary boundary already outside the safe operating space,” said Boris Sakschewski, lead author of the report. “It means that the risk of large-scale, persistent and potentially irreversible change is increasing, while our margin for error in tackling these problems is shrinking.”

While there is little time to reverse this parlous situation, humanity does still possess the knowledge and capacity to do so, according to Johan Rockström, a climate scientist and report co-author. “Accelerating action to return to the safe operating space across all planetary boundaries is essential to protect lives and livelihoods, and to deliver on the promise of shared future prosperity,” he said.

The assessment, which pored over the latest scientific data, seeks to establish the state of the defined areas that provide a “safe operating space for humanity”. Human civilization has developed in the past 10,000 years due to a relatively stable climate and natural resources that sustainably provide us with food, shelter and a safe living environment.

These conditions are being badly warped, however, by the ongoing release of huge amounts of planet-heating pollution, from the burning of fossil fuels, and the mass disposal of other pollution such as plastic into our environment. Habitats such as forests and wetlands are being torn apart, fragmented and flattened to make way for agriculture and urban areas, imperiling animal species and natural systems upon which we depend.

The ability of landscapes and bodies of water to cope with this and act as a buffer to the worsening climate crisis is “weakening and may be significantly overestimated”, the new report warns. While forests and oceans have sucked up a vast amount of the carbon dioxide we have emitted, there are signs that these natural systems are faltering.

For example, there is a chance that the Amazon rainforest, a huge carbon store, could reach a tipping point where it becomes a savannah, which would have “serious implications for climate stability, food and water security, and human health around the world”, the report states.

The report comes on the heels of a series of extreme events around the world in the past year that scientists say have been made far more likely by the upending of our environment.

Huge floods hit Pakistan last year, while this year has seen record heat and wildfires across Europe, the hottest ever summer in the US, and a disastrous flood on the Tibet-Nepal border. The oceans, which are absorbing much of this extra generated heat, have hit new temperature records.

“These are not separate emergencies; the planet is telling us, in every region at once, that it is out of balance,” said Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim, chair of Planetary Guardians, a coalition of scientists, business leaders and activists.

“I hear this same story wherever I go, whether from a pastoralist watching the rains fail season after season or a coastal community watching the sea rise. The 2026 planetary health check puts data behind what communities on the frontlines already know from living it. We do not have the luxury of treating these as separate crises any longer.”

The report was released on Monday shortly after the start of Climate Week, a major gathering of politicians, business leaders and activists in New York City that leads up to the UN general assembly.

Members of the Planetary Guardians – including Mary Robinson, the former Irish president; Juan Manuel Santos, the Nobel laureate and ex-president of Colombia; and oceanographer Sylvia Earle – attended the launch of the report. They are part of more than 100,000 attenders expected at Climate Week, which organizers said was set to be the largest ever.

Despite the record numbers attending talks, announcements and other events aimed at tackling the climate crisis, however, the head of the week’s non-profit organizer acknowledged a general reticence to talk about global heating.

Helen Clarkson, chief executive of the Climate Group, said that even though the world had been visibly racked by recent climate-fueled disasters, “I’ve not seen this level of ‘green-hushing’ before. Many companies tell us they will be here, but not very visibly.

“But after a summer like this when we saw so much tragedy driven by climate change, this is the time to be loud,” she added. “The world is standing on the edge of the abyss, and people are seeking change.”

https://twitter.com/iembot_rer/status/2101790012756877321?s=20

Extreme events such as heat waves, wildfires and floods have a multitude of negative impacts on nature, humans, and society.Read more about the interconnection of biodiversity, health, climate, food and water in the IPBES #NexusAssessment: https://www.ipbes.net/nexus-assessment

IPBES (@ipbes.net) 2026-09-21T11:10:11.395151896Z

How Saudi oil scientists ended up working on the world’s most important #climate reports.Fossil fuel links of IPCC authors, with experts declaring the body’s conflict of interest policy ‘not fit for purpose’.www.theguardian.com/environment/…

Dr Paul Dorfman (@drpauldorfman.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T08:05:46.682Z

Burning forests, emptying rivers, €180bn in damage: Europe’s politicians face reckoning after ‘summer of truth’Amid record-shattering heatwaves and popular demand for #climate action, why are politicians often timid or in denial?www.theguardian.com/environment/…

Dr Paul Dorfman (@drpauldorfman.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T08:03:56.518Z

It’s official, the 2026 El Niño has broken a record for the highest ocean anomaly in 170+ years… Incredibly reaching that threshold a full 2 months ahead of 2015’s record of +3.02C set on Nov 18th. See that red line? That’s 2026. Every other bold line are the strongest El Niño’s on record. 1/

Jeff Berardelli (@weatherprof.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T12:08:04.795Z

Learn more about what El Niño could mean for California and beyond from @weatherwest.bsky.social bsky.app/profile/weat…

Eos (@eos.org) 2026-09-21T19:09:34.468Z

#UCANR's Daniel Swain @weatherwest.bsky.social joined the @castatelibrary.bsky.social for a virtual talk on climate change & extreme weather in #California, and the rapidly developing 2026 #ElNiño event. www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUE6…

UC Agriculture & Natural Resources (@ucanr.edu) 2026-09-16T18:44:02.082Z

People with cultural influence have a special responsibility to act on climate change. This is the central argument of a new Comment we published, together with Pascal Stegmann and @katharinehayhoe.com.www.nature.com/articles/s44…

Manuel Suter (@manuelsuter.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T07:37:39.226Z

I’m realizing some replying to this aren’t familiar with my work on climate communication ☺️Welcome! Here’s a good place to start:

Katharine Hayhoe (@katharinehayhoe.com) 2026-09-21T11:52:53.607Z

When we stop talking about climate change like it’s a political issue and start talking about it as a shared challenge that we all need to work together to solve, that’s when we’ll finally be able to start talking about saving ourselves.That is our conclusion here!

Katharine Hayhoe (@katharinehayhoe.com) 2026-09-21T11:33:01.334Z

Climate communicators are all around us. But until now, the field has been hard to see as a whole.That's why we partnered with @au-cece.bsky.social on a new Landscape Assessment to map who’s doing the work, who they’re reaching, & where the gaps are.See what we found: bit.ly/4ya7vIF

Talking Climate Collaborative (@tccollab.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T18:37:47.962Z

For more about what we learned from studying the top climate communicators in the US and Canada, check out the full report here: cece.american.edu/cece-release…

Dana R. Fisher (aka the Apocalyptic Optimist) (@fisherdanar.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T11:21:08.440Z

Honored to share the 2026 #IETI Green Development and Sustainability Award with Rob Jackson of Stanford: www.ieti.net/news/detail….

Michael E. Mann (@michaelemann.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T02:38:19.075Z

Tale of two oceans in a top-end El Niño:—TS #Fay fails to break Atlantic hurricane "drought."— #Polo forecast to be Cat 5 by Wed off MX Pacific coast. Future TBD after #Polo and #Odalys face off late this week.My latest w/ @drjeffmasters.bsky.social:yaleclimateconnections.org/2026/09/a-ca…

Bob Henson (@bhensonweather.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T20:04:54.349Z

Tropical Storm Polo has formed in eastern tropical Pacific. Conditions are very favorable for strengthening due to record-warm ocean temperatures & low wind shear, and Polo may threaten some portion of western coast of Mexico/Baja as a major (Cat 3+) storm in coming days.

Daniel Swain (@weatherwest.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T01:16:44.000Z

Oh good grief, the waters near Hurricane Polo are ~ridiculously~ warm according to recent Argo float data. Combined with a conducive atmosphere, I'm not surprised that NHC calls for ongoing RI up to category 5 strength.

Kim Wood (@drkimwood.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T18:58:04.253Z

Cool Florida Winter – But ironically Record Warm Earth!The Winter ahead looks cool in the Southern US. BUT importantly – NOT cold. It’s one of the only places on Earth that will be cooler than normal this winter. This map is called the Super Ensemble – it’s a mix of World’s best seasonal models 1/

Jeff Berardelli (@weatherprof.bsky.social) 2026-09-20T12:50:58.059Z

US: Trump's EPA must reinstate $7bn grant programme for solar panels, judge rules.www.washingtonpost.com/climate-envi…

Dr Paul Dorfman (@drpauldorfman.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T08:21:19.507Z

Thermal batteries aren’t coming. They’re already here. janrosenow.substack.com/p/thermal-ba…

Dr Paul Dorfman (@drpauldorfman.bsky.social) 2026-09-20T09:44:11.761Z

#Renewableenergy has broken through another key milestone on #Australia’s main grid, meeting more than 80% of demand for the first time, and could have met all of demand and more were it not for heavy curtailment of #wind and #solar.reneweconomy.com.au/renewables-h…

Dr Paul Dorfman (@drpauldorfman.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T08:46:34.324Z

Fully electric aviation has some major challenges (mostly: batteries are heavy and don't get lighter as they get used up) but I love the idea of decreasing aircraft emissions through a hybrid approach, perhaps as a step toward new, clever solutions for fully electric air transport in the future.

Katie Mack (@astrokatie.com) 2026-09-20T17:18:25.952Z

Swiss to vote on referendum against new #nuclear power plants. The Swiss are set to vote against the possibility of building new nuclear power stations. Costs and risks associated with nuclear power are considered “too high.”www.swissinfo.ch/eng/energy-t…

Dr Paul Dorfman (@drpauldorfman.bsky.social) 2026-09-21T08:36:07.849Z

100 years ago yesterday, the 1926 Great Miami Hurricane caused profound destruction, plunging the city into a deep economic downturn. Four groups say a repeat would cost over $200 billion. Such a catastrophe, like the 1926 hurricane, would cleave Florida history into a “before” and an “after.”

Dr. Jeff Masters (@drjeffmasters.bsky.social) 2026-09-20T00:09:42.618Z

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