Extreme Temperature Diary- Sunday January 21, 2024/ Main Topic: EV Drivers Getting Zapped Because of Extreme Cold

guyonclimate_mi5tor

The main purpose of this ongoing blog will be to track global extreme or record temperatures related to climate change. Any reports I see of ETs will be listed below the main topic of the day. I’ll refer to extreme or record temperatures as ETs (not extraterrestrials).😉

Main Topic: EV Drivers Getting Zapped Because of Extreme Cold

Dear Diary. As long as our climate is not damaged beyond repair too much there will be cold outbreaks, such as the ones for the United States I dubbed Cold Wave Gerry and Cold Wave Aisoyimstan, named after the Blackfeet Indian God of Winter. These cold waves were severe enough to not only kill near sixty people but hamper electric vehicle operation, so much so that some drivers are throwing up their hands wanting to switch back to environmental harming gas guzzlers. By doing so any sacrifices made by EV drivers will go up in flames and so might our climate.

I’m quite sure that lithium battery technology in association with EV’s will be improved upon. We can think of this era of EV operation during the 2020s like that of Model T operation during the 1910s. Those Model Ts were much improved upon during subsequent decades.

For a roundup of headaches produced by recent cold weather affecting electric vehicles here is a CBS article:

Why Teslas and other electric vehicles have problems in cold weather — and how EV owners can prevent issues – CBS News

Why Teslas and other electric vehicles have problems in cold weather — and how EV owners can prevent issues

By Aimee Picchi

Edited By Alain Sherter

Updated on: January 18, 2024 / 1:41 PM EST / CBS News

As cold weather sweeps across the U.S., some electric vehicle owners are learning a bitter truth: Low temperatures can stop the cars dead in their icy tracks.

The issue crystallized this week when some Tesla owners in Chicago discovered their EVs’ batteries had died in sub-zero temperatures. Drivers also said some of Tesla charging stations weren’t working, or if they did work that the stations were taking longer than usual to charge up their vehicles. 

“I’ve been here for over five hours at this point, and I still have not gotten to charge my car,” Tesla driver Brandon Welbourne told CBS Chicago. “A charge that should take 45 minutes is taking two hours.”

Electric vehicles, or EVs, are known for losing efficiency in cold weather, an issue that Consumer Reports investigated last year due to concerns about significant variations in how different electric cars held up in cold weather. At the same time, the federal government is dangling a $7,500 federal tax credit, a financial carrot that helped boost EV sales to a record 1.2 million vehicles last year.

“EVs definitely lose some of their driving range in extreme cold,” Scott Case, co-founder and CEO of Recurrent, a battery research firm, told CBS MoneyWatch. 

The issue is similar to what can occur with other battery-operated devices in the cold. 

“If you go skiing with your iPhone, you might notice that the battery will burn through more quickly, so halfway through the day it might run out of juice, where normally it would last all day,” Case noted.

Here’s what to know. 

What happens to electric vehicles in cold weather?

Electric vehicles are less efficient in cold weather, with Recurrent’s research finding that below-freezing temperatures reduced driving range up to 30% on 18 popular EV models.

An EV with a 200 to 215 mile range may only go 150 to 175 miles in the cold, Recurrent’s Case said, while noting even that reduced mileage is often sufficient for most drivers. “The average person with an EV drives 30 miles a day,” he said.

Still, a shorter range in cold weather could be an issue for some owners if their EV runs out of juice miles earlier than expected, potentially leaving to hunt for an available charger or, worse, stranded in dangerously frigid conditions.

Why are EVs affected by cold weather? 

First, chemical and physical reactions inside an EV’s battery require more time when the mercury drops, according to Recurrent. Because the cold slows these physical processes, that cuts down the power available to the EV. 

Second, unlike with cars powered by an internal combustion engines, EVs can’t tap the motor’s heat to warm a vehicle’s interior.

“From a range perspective, EVs tend to do worse in cold weather because of the need to heat the cabin for comfort,” Alex Knizek, manager of automotive testing and insights at Consumer Reports, told CBS MoneyWatch in an email.

EVs rely on a supplemental heater, which Knizek noted are often “resistive heaters — much like a space heater you might use at home.” Most newer EVs also have the option to come with a heat pump, which are more efficient, but they are also impacted when temperatures drop into the single digits or below. 

Why don’t electric cars charge as well in the cold?

EVs can take longer to charge when it’s cold. That’s partly because most EVs are designed to boost their battery temperatures when the thermometer drops, Knizek said. 

“This power to do so comes from the battery itself, reducing range,” Knizek added. “This also has an impact on charging speeds. If the battery is too cold, it will charge slower and may need to heat itself up before the charging speed can increase.”

How do EV owners in places like Norway and other cold-weather places cope?

Cold weather isn’t a deterrent to some drivers in countries and regions with cold weather, as evidenced by Norway, where 8 in 10 new car purchases are electric vehicles, making it the nation with the fastest EV adoption. Iceland and Sweden rank second and third in terms of EV adoption, according to the World Resources Institute.

Drivers in cold regions have learned the tricks for working with their EVs, such as warming up the car’s cabin while still hooked up to the grid (see tips below).

EVs are “quite able to cope with winter if you know what you’re doing,” Ståle Frydenlund, test manager for the Norway’s electric vehicle association, told The Globe and Mail last year. “The challenge is teaching newbies how to do this.”

Will cold weather damage an EV’s battery?

No, according to Recurrent’s Case.

“If you are in a cold climate, you are likely to have a battery that holds up over time versus hot climates,” he said. “The thing with very cold weather is it reduces range on an individual trip, but doesn’t do anything to a battery in the long term.”

Can EV owners prevent battery issues when it’s cold?

Yes, there are several tips recommended by Case and Consumer Reports’ Knizek. Both recommend warming up your EV’s cabin while the vehicle is connected to a charger and before you intend to take it out for a drive. 

“This means the car will use energy from the grid [charger] to get warm instead of the battery itself,” Knizek said. “You can use the vehicle’s smartphone app to do this or set a departure time within the infotainment screen in the car.”

Next, also precondition the battery before using a DC fast charger — a step that is typically available by pointing your navigation system to a DC fast charger or a button that can trigger the process. 

“This uses the battery energy to heat itself up to the optimal temp, which allows better fast charging performance,” Knizek said. “It costs some range to do this, but generally the payoff is worth it.”

Lastly, lower heat in the cabin and drive more slowly. “Speed and aerodynamics have a huge impact on range, regardless of temperature,” he noted.

What does Tesla say about cold weather?

Tesla didn’t immediately return a request for comment to CBS MoneyWatch, but its website advises owners to keep the battery charge level above 20% during bitterly cold weather. 

The automaker also says it’s normal to see energy consumption increase because Teslas use more energy to heat the battery and cabin.

“We have made several updates to improve your driving experience in freezing temperatures, including better overall thermal performance, quicker Supercharging and improved cabin conditioning,” Tesla notes on its site.

Are there other issues with EVs?

Even in optimal weather, some electric vehicles fell as much as 50 miles short of their advertised driving ranges, according to Consumer Reports. 

And another study by the advocacy and product testing organization found that EVs have nearly 80% more mechanical problems and are generally less reliable than gas-powered cars. 

The Chicago-area Teslas that ran into battery problems during the cold snap this week probably won’t change anyone’s mind about buying an EV, Case noted.  

“Everybody who wasn’t going to buy one feels great with their decision because they saw the pictures out of Chicago, and everyone who was going to buy an EV has already decided,” he said.

Aimee Picchi

Aimee Picchi is the associate managing editor for CBS MoneyWatch, where she covers business and personal finance. She previously worked at Bloomberg News and has written for national news outlets including USA Today and Consumer Reports.

 Twitter

Here are more “ET’s” recorded from around the planet the last couple of days, their consequences, and some extreme temperature outlooks, as well as any extreme precipitation reports:

Here is more new 2023 climatology:

Here is More Climate News from Sunday:

(As usual, this will be a fluid post in which more information gets added during the day as it crosses my radar, crediting all who have put it on-line. Items will be archived on this site for posterity. In most instances click on the pictures of each tweet to see each article. The most noteworthy items will be listed first.)

More from the Weather Department:

Today’s News on Sustainable Energy, Traditional Polluting Energy from Fossil Fuel, and the Green Revolution:

More on the Environment and Nature:

More on Other Science and the Beauty of Earth and this Universe:

If you like these posts and my work on record temperature ratios, please contribute via my PayPal widget on this site. Thanks in advance for any support. 

Guy Walton… “The Climate Guy”

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *